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Partial equilibrium is a condition of economic equilibrium which takes into consideration only a part of the market, ''ceteris paribus'', to attain equilibrium. As defined by George Stigler, "A partial equilibrium is one which is based on only a restricted range of data, a standard example is price of a single product, the prices of all other products being held fixed during the analysis." The supply and demand model is a partial equilibrium model where the clearance on the market of some specific goods is obtained independently from prices and quantities in other markets. In other words, the prices of all substitutes and complements, as well as income levels of consumers, are taken as given. This makes analysis much simpler than in a general equilibrium model which includes an entire economy. Here the dynamic process is that prices adjust until supply equals demand. It is a powerfully simple technique that allows one to study equilibrium, efficiency and comparative statics. The stringency of the simplifying assumptions inherent in this approach make the model considerably more tractable, but may produce results which, while seemingly precise, do not effectively model real-world economic phenomena. Partial equilibrium analysis examines the effects of policy action in creating equilibrium only in that particular sector or market which is directly affected, ignoring its effect in any other market or industry assuming that they being small will have little impact if any. Hence this analysis is considered to be useful in constricted markets. Léon Walras first formalized the idea of a one-period economic equilibrium of the general economic system, but it was French economist Antoine Augustin Cournot and English political economist Alfred Marshall who developed tractable models to analyze an economic system. == Assumptions == #Commodity price is given and constant for the consumers. #Consumers' taste and preferences, habits, incomes are also considered to be constant. #Prices of prolific resources of a commodity and that of other related goods (substitute or complimentary) are known as well as constant. #Industry is easily availed with factors of production at a known and constant price compliant with the methods of production in use. #Prices of the products that the factor of production helps in producing and the price and quantity of other factors are known and constant. #There is perfect mobility of factors of production between occupation and places. The above mentioned points relate to a perfectly competitive market but can be further extended to monopolistic competition, oligopoly, monopoly and monopsony markets. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「partial equilibrium」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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